4. National Bolshevism

In the Soviet Union, the Bolsheviks nationalized factories without compensating owners, creating many opportunities for the employment of Jewish factory workers. In Poland, the government also nationalized some industries. However, it compensated owners handsomely and used the opportunity to rid industry of Jewish workers, thus creating more employment opportunities for Poles. This is a policy of “national Bolshevism.” Its effects are evident in the tobacco, salt, oil, liquor, forestry, and grain industries as well in bank, tax collection, and apprenticeship operations and programs.