2. From Efficiency to Resilience

Eeva Furman is the Director of the Environmental Policy Center at the Finnish Environment Institute. Her background is in marine biology, and for the last twenty years she has worked with environmental governance. Her core interests are science-policy-society, the co-creation of sustainability transformations, and active citizenship. Her background is in biodiversity governance, ecosystem service management and sustainable development, and she engages actively internationally. She co-authored The Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR) with fourteen other scientists—the report was handed to the heads of the UN's member states in the General Assembly held in September 2019. She is the Chair of the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Eeva-Lotta Apajalahti is Research Coordinator at the Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Sciences, HELSUS, in the University of Helsinki. She received her DSc (2018) from Aalto University School of Business by focusing on the role of large energy companies in energy system transition. Her current research focuses on energy transitions in cities, connections between sustainable consumption and production, energy citizenship and energy communities. She is one of the coordinators of the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is Professor of Public Health at the University of Oulu and Research Professor at the Finnish Meteorological Institute. He has broad long-term interests in global health. From the early 1990s he has pursued an international academic career working in Norway, Russia, the US, Sweden, and the UK. In 2008 he established the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH) at the University of Oulu. In 2014 CERH was designated as a WHO Collaborating Centre in Global Change, Environment and Public Health. His professional mission is to conduct research on topics which help to solve emerging global public health problems. He is a member of the Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Lassi Linnanen is Professor of Environmental Economics and Management at LUT University, Lahti, Finland. Before joining academia, he was the CEO and co-founder of Gaia Group, a leading Finnish energy and environmental consultancy. He has also engaged in active management of over ten spin-off companies with business ideas around sustainable technology and management. He is a former member of the Finnish Climate Change Panel (2016–2019) and current Vice Chairman of the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development (2019-).

Jari Lyytimäki (PhD) works as a Senior Researcher at the Finnish Environment Institute, Environmental Policy Centre. He is also an Adjunct Professor at the University of Helsinki, Finland. His research interests cover various fields of environmental studies, including climate and energy issues, sustainability indicators, media analysis, risk communication and societal utilisation of scientific results. He is one of the coordinators of the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Mikko Mönkkönen is a Professor in Applied Ecology at the University of Jyväskylä. He leads the Boreal Ecosystems Research Group (BERG), a multidisciplinary research team studying the environmental and social impacts of natural resource use in boreal forests. This work combines socioeconomic scenario analyses, life-cycle analyses, environmental impact assessment using ecosystem service and biodiversity models, and forest planning optimisation tools. He is a member of Finland's Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Arto O. Salonen is Professor of Social Pedagogy and Sustainable Well-Being at the University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, and a member of the Expert Panel for Sustainable Development. He is also an Adjunct Professor at the following universities: the University of Helsinki (education), the Finnish National Defence University (sustainable development), and the University of Eastern Finland (eco-social wellbeing). The title of his doctoral dissertation was Sustainable Development and its Promotion in a Welfare Society in a Global Age. His recent empirical research is on sustainable food, mobility and consumption, as well as active citizenship.

Katriina Soini is Adjunct Professor and a Principal Research Scientist and Research Manager at the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) in the field of Resilient Society. She has a background in Human Geography and her research has focused broadly on sustainability and sustainable governance in the rural context. Recently she has been working on sustainability transition/transformations and methods and theories of sustainability science. Soini has been leading a COST Action IS1007 on Culture and Sustainability and she is the editor of the Routledge Studies in Culture and Sustainable Development series. She is one of the coordinators of the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development.

Katriina Siivonen is Vice Director and University Lecturer in Futures Studies at Finland Futures Research Centre, University of Turku (UTU), and Adjunct Professor in Cultural Heritage Studies (UTU). She holds several academic and societal board positions, including being Vice Chair of the Expert Panel for Sustainable Development in Finland, and she chairs the Advisory Board of the implementation of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Finland. She is an expert in qualitative research, participatory methodology, identities, heritage futures, and cultural sustainability transformation, and leads research on these themes.

Tuuli Toivonen is a geographer and a Professor of Geoinformatics at the University of Helsinki. Her research focuses on spatial analyses and novel use of big and open data to support sustainable spatial planning. She is particularly interested in active and healthy mobility and the use of green spaces in urban areas and beyond. She is a member of a number of university and national policy boards, including Finland's Expert Panel for Sustainable Development. She leads the Geography BSc and MSc study programmes and the multidisciplinary Digital Geography Lab at the University of Helsinki.

Anne Tolvanen is a Professor in the ecology and multiple use of forests and the Programme Director of LandClimate research programme in the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke). Her work concentrates on the reconciliation of land uses to mitigate climate change and safeguard biodiversity in a sustainable and controllable manner. Her group develops models and tools that are used in the planning and management of peatland and forest ecosystems. She represents Luke in numerous domestic and international boards and working groups related to natural resources use, including the Finnish Expert Panel for Sustainable Development and the Society of Ecological Restoration (SER).