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Contents
Copyright
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Contents

Notes to the reader

xiii

Abbreviations used in this book

xvii

Introduction: A new approach to codicology

1

Types of augmentations

7

Part I: The modular method

15

A.

Modular and non-modular, compared

18

B.

The hierarchy of decoration

25

C.

Modules and blank space

29

D.

Precursors of book modules

34

E.

Implications of the modular method

41

F.

Adopters of the modular method

44

G.

Complicated stratigraphy

50

Part II: Changes that did not require rebinding

59

A.

Correcting the text

59

B.

Adding text to the blank folios and interstices

62

1.

Noting who owned, commissioned, and paid for items

63

2.

Adding family information

67

3.

Adding legal documents

70

4.

Adding a gloss

75

5.

Adding calendrical data

77

6.

Changing a text to reflect updated circumstances

81

7.

Adding text to make a book appropriate as a didactic tool

84

8.

Adding prayers

88

C.

Augmenting the existing decoration

99

D.

Drawing or painting images directly onto bound parchment

105

E.

Adding physical material superficially

109

1.

Attaching parchment sheets to blank areas of the book

109

2.

Adding other objects to blank parchment

114

Part III: Changes that required rebinding

119

Rebinding

120

A.

Adding leaves bearing texts

126

B.

Adding leaves bearing images

135

1.

Images for the most common offices

136

2.

Images for indulgences

139

3.

Portraits and personalizing details

147

4.

Images for adding value

151

5.

Images for missals

153

6.

Other single-leaf miniatures

159

7.

Packages of images

167

8.

Images removed from one manuscript and inserted into another

170

C.

Adding quires

180

1.

Adding a bifolium

181

2.

Adding one or more full quires

197

Part IV: Complicated interventions and complete overhauls

223

Building a book out of disparate quires

223

A.

An atelier in Bruges

224

B.

Unica

233

C.

The convent of St. Ursula

244

1.

Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ms. Rawl. Liturg. E.9*

244

2.

The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Ms. 132 G 38

251

3.

Uppsala, Universitetsbiblioteket, Ms. C 517 k

270

D.

The convent of St. Agnes in Delft

282

E.

The Masters of the Dark Eyes

303

1.

Alongside the Master of Gijsbrecht van Brederode

304

2.

Leeds, Brotherton Ms. 7 with an added booklet

320

Part V: Patterns of desire

327

A.

Desire to personalize the book

328

B.

Desire to commemorate a changed family situation

329

C.

Desire to store small precious objects

329

D.

Desire for more embellishment

330

E.

Recycling and refurbishing

330

F.

Desire to make foreign-produced manuscripts locally relevant

331

G.

Desire to incorporate new prayers

331

H.

Fear of hell

332

I.

Desire to reflect wealth

333

J.

Changes, social and codicological

334

Bibliography

339

List of illustrations

355

Index

387