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Glossary
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ix
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Introduction by Gordon Brown
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1
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Preface by Paul Boghossian
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7
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Acknowledgments
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9
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Executive Summary
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13
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Preamble
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25
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1.
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The Long and Influential Life of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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29
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1.1
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History of the UDHR
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29
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1.2
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Affirming and protecting the UDHR
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31
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1.3
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The changing context
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32
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1.4
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The enduring relevance of the UDHR
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32
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1.5
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Legal status
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34
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1.6
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Foundational principles
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35
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1.7
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Universality
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36
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1.8
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Interconnectivity of rights
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38
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2.
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The Evolving Understanding of Rights
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39
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2.1
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Rights of members of specific groups
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40
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a.
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The rights of women
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40
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b.
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The rights of children
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41
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c.
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The rights of the disabled, including the profoundly disabled
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43
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d.
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Rights related to sexual orientation
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44
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e.
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The rights of prisoners
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45
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2.2
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Rights of groups as such
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46
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a.
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The right to national self-determination, including regional autonomy and subsidiarity
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46
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b.
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The rights of indigenous peoples
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47
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c.
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Ethnic cleansing
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47
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d.
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The rights of peoples prejudiced at the national or communal level by climate change
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47
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2.3
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Rights related to other issues involving vital interests
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48
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a.
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Migration
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48
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b.
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Statelessness
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50
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c.
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Administrative justice
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51
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d.
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Corruption
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51
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e.
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Privacy from state or corporate electronic surveillance
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52
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f.
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Access to the Internet and electronic communication on a global scale
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53
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g.
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Extreme poverty and deep economic inequality
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53
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h.
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Healthcare
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54
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i.
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A safe, clean, healthy, and sustainable environment
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55
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2.4
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An open task
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56
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3.
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Limitations and Derogations
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57
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3.1
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Adequacy of Article 29 account of limitations
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57
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3.2
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Derogation of rights in national or international emergencies
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59
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3.3
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Regulation of the use of force
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60
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4.
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Social and Economic Rights
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63
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4.1
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The importance of social and economic rights
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63
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4.2
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Relation to availability of resources
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65
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4.3
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Responsibilities for social and economic rights
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66
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4.4
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Poverty reduction and other human rights
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69
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5.
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Responsibility for Human Rights
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71
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5.1
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The special role of states
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72
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5.2
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Other entities
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73
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a.
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Sub-national governments
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74
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b.
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International institutions
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74
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c.
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Corporations
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74
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d.
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Private persons
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76
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5.3
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Responsibilities of rights-bearers
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77
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5.4
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No closed model of responsibility
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79
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6.
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Implementation of Human Rights
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81
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6.1
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Introduction
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81
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6.2
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State of play on representative rights
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82
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a.
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Anti-slavery (Article 4)
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83
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b.
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Anti-torture (Article 5)
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84
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c.
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Free expression (Article 19) and free association (Article 20)
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86
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d.
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Education (Article 26)
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88
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e.
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Summary
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90
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6.3
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Suggestions on implementation
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91
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a.
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Recommendations for strengthening the UN system on human rights implementation
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91
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i.
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Implement the recommendations of UN human rights mechanisms
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91
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ii.
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Enhance the OHCHR’s field presence
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92
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iii.
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Raise human rights concerns for consideration by the UN Security Council
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93
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iv.
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Limit the UN Security Council veto in the case of mass atrocities
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94
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v.
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Harness technology to enhance human rights accountability
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94
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b.
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National and regional legal systems
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95
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c.
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NGOs
|
97
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d.
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Human rights education
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97
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i.
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The UDHR and human rights education for all
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97
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ii.
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The UDHR and human rights education since 1948
|
98
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iii.
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Transformative human rights education
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99
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iv.
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Advancing transformative human rights education
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99
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6.4
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Sovereignty
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100
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a.
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General (human rights as limits on sovereignty)
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100
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b.
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Sanctions, denunciations, and other measures
|
101
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c.
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Responsibility to Protect
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102
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7.
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Human Rights and a Global Ethic
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105
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Appendices
|
109
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A
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
|
109
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B
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Members of the Commission
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117
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C
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Members of the Philosophers' Committee
|
131
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Online Appendices
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D
|
Human Rights Education
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E
|
Human Rights Implementation
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